Global Important References on Global Ecological Crisis
Global Important References on Global Ecological Crisis
1. 世界自然基金会的《地球生命力报告2024》揭示自然正在消失：全球野生生物种群过去50年（1970-2020）平均下降了惊人的73%。2024 The Living Planet Report published by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) reveals that nature is disappearing: the average size of wildlife populations has fallen by a staggering 73%.
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) (2024). Living Planet Report 2022, WWF, Gland. Available at: https://www.worldwildlife.org/publications/2024-living-planet-report.
2. 文章《地球已超越九大行星边界中的六项》指出，九大边界中有六项已被突破，这表明地球目前已经远远超出了人类的安全操作空间。
The article “Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries” finds that six of the nine boundaries are transgressed, suggesting that Earth is now well outside of the safe operating space for humanity.
Richardson et al., Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries. SCIENCE ADVANCES. 13 Sep 2023. Vol 9, Issue 37. Available at: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adh2458
3. 生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台的《全球生物多样性和生态系统服务评估全球报告》（2019）揭示大自然的危险衰退'史无前例’，物种'加速'灭绝，100万物种濒临灭绝风险
Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES): Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (2019) reveals that Nature’s Dangerous Decline ‘Unprecedented’, Species Extinction Rates ‘Accelerating’ and Around 1 million animal and plant species are now threatened with extinction.
IPBES (2019): Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. S. Díaz, J. Settele, E. S. Brondízio, H. T. Ngo, M. Guèze, J. Agard, A. Arneth, P. Balvanera, K. A. Brauman, S. H. M. Butchart, K. M. A. Chan, L. A. Garibaldi, K. Ichii, J. Liu, S. M. Subramanian, G.F.Midgley, P. Miloslavich, Z. Molnár, D. Obura, A. Pfaff, S. Polasky, A. Purvis, J. Razzaque, B. Reyers, R. Roy Chowdhury, Y. J. Shin, I.J. Visseren Hamakers, K. J. Willis, and C. N. Zayas (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 56 pages.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553579
4. 气候变化政府间平台的《气候变化2022：影响、适应和脆弱性》揭示了人类引起的气候变化，包括越来越频繁和强烈的极端事件，已对自然和人类造成了广泛的不利影响，相关的损失和伤害超出了自然气候的变异范围。The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability reveals that Human-induced climate change, including more frequent and intense extreme events, has caused widespread adverse impacts and related losses and damages to nature and people, beyond natural climate variability.
IPCC, 2022: Summary for Policymakers [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp.
3–33, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.001. available at https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
5. 全球经济论坛的《2025年全球风险报告》认为乐观情绪有限，因为政治和军事行为者误判或判断错误的风险很高。我们似乎生活在自冷战以来最为分裂的时期之一，这反映在全球风险感知调查（GRPS）的结果中，揭示了当前、短期和长期三个时间范围内的黯淡前景。按严重程度排序，列入前十大风险的短期（2年）和长期（10年）环境相关全球风险从2项（极端天气事件和污染）增加到5项（极端天气事件、生物多样性丧失和生态系统崩溃、关键资源短缺和污染）。
World Economic Forum: The Global Risks Report 2025 concludes that Optimism is limited as the danger of miscalculation or misjudgment by political and military actors is high. We seem to be living in one of the most divided times since the Cold War, and this is reflected in the results of the GRPS, which reveal a bleak outlook across all three time horizons – current, short-term and long-term. Global risks relevant to environment ranked by severity over the short (2 years) and long (10 years) term increased from 2 (Extreme weather events and pollution) to 5 (Extreme weather events, Biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse, critical resource shortages and pollution) in the top 10 risks.
https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-risks-report-2025/.
6. 全球经济论坛的《2022年全球风险报告》将气候行动失败、极端天气和生物多样性丧失列为全球十大风险的前三位World Economic Forum: The Global Risks Report 2022 lists climate action failure, extreme weather and biodiversity loss to the top of the 10 most severe risks on a global scale over the next 10 years.
World Economic Forum. The Global Risks Report 2022 17th Edition. available at http://wef.ch/risks22
7. 国际资源平台的《全球资源展望》（2024）指出：通往可持续发展的道路日益陡峭和狭窄，而机遇的窗口正在关闭。International Resource Panel (IRP): The Global Resource Outlook 2024 reveals that the pathway towards sustainability is increasingly steep and narrow, and the window of opportunity is closing.
United Nations Environment Programme (2024): Global Resources Outlook 2024: Bend the Trend – Pathways to a liveable planet as resource use spikes. International Resource Panel. Nairobi. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/global-resources-outlook-2024
8. 联合国经济社会事务部的《全球人口展望》（2024）预测世界人口很可能在本世纪达到顶峰。从2024年底82亿预计将持续增长50或60年，到2080年代中期达到顶峰。United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs: World Population Prospects 2024 projects that the world’s population is likely to peak within the current century. The world’s population is expected to continue growing over the coming fifty or sixty years, reaching a peak of around 10.3 billion people in the mid-2080s, up from 8.2 billion in 2024.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024: Summary of Results (UN DESA/POP/2024/TR/NO. 9). https://population.un.org/wpp/.